GCSE English Language: How to Analyse Texts Like an Examiner

One of the biggest challenges in GCSE English Language is learning how to analyse texts in the same way an examiner expects. Many students write vague or descriptive answers instead of analytical ones, and this often limits them to Grades 3–4.

The truth is that examiners look for specific techniques, clear explanations, and structured responses. In this guide, we’ll show you how to analyse texts effectively, using examiner-approved strategies that our AK Education students use to secure Grades 7–9.

Why Textual Analysis Is So Important

Every year, examiners report that students lose easy marks because they simply describe what’s happening in the text instead of analysing how and why writers use language and structure.

For example:

• Descriptive answer: “The writer uses a metaphor.”

• Analytical answer: “The writer uses the metaphor of a storm to suggest the character’s emotions are powerful and uncontrollable, which builds tension for the reader.”

That extra explanation is what pushes your response into the higher bands.

Step 1: Use PEE or PEEL Structure

The most effective way to write analysis is by using PEE/PEEL paragraphs.

• Point: Make a clear statement about the writer’s technique.

• Evidence: Use a short quotation to prove your point.

• Explanation: Explain how the technique creates meaning, effect, or impact.

• (Link): Connect back to the question or wider theme.

Example (Paper 1 extract):

• Point: The writer presents the weather as threatening.

• Evidence: “The wind howled through the trees.”

• Explanation: The verb “howled” makes the storm seem animal-like and dangerous, reflecting the character’s fear.

This moves beyond description into examiner-style analysis.

Step 2: Focus on Language Techniques

When analysing, look for methods such as:

• Simile and metaphor

• Personification

• Alliteration

• Sentence length and punctuation

• Contrast or juxtaposition

• Dialogue

Always ask: Why has the writer used this technique? What effect does it have on the reader?

Step 3: Analyse Structure as Well as Language

GCSE examiners don’t just want language analysis - they want structure too.

Key things to look for:

• Openings and endings: How does the text begin and end? Does it build tension or resolve conflict?

• Shifts in focus: Does the writer zoom in on a detail, then zoom out?

• Paragraphing: Are short paragraphs used for impact?

• Repetition and patterns: Does the writer echo images or phrases?

By mentioning both language and structure, you access the higher mark bands.

Step 4: Learn From Examiner Reports

Each year, exam boards publish examiner reports explaining what students did well and where they went wrong. These are a goldmine.

Common feedback includes:

• Students include too much description and not enough analysis.

• Quotations are too long - keep them short and precise.

• High-scoring answers explain the effect on the reader.

When revising, practise marking your own answers against past examiner comments.

Step 5: Practise Under Timed Conditions

Many students know the techniques but fail to apply them in exam conditions. To build confidence:

• Use past papers from your exam board.

• Give yourself the same time limits as the real exam.

• After writing, highlight where you used PEE/PEEL. If you can’t spot analysis, you need more practice.

Resources for English Language Analysis

• Past Papers: Direct from AQA, Edexcel, or OCR websites.

• Mark Schemes: Use these to check what examiners want in top-band answers.

• Revision Guides: CGP or York Notes for structured explanations.

• Practice Extracts: Short passages from novels, journalism, or speeches.

Why Tutoring Boosts English Language Grades

English is subjective, but examiners still mark according to strict criteria. The problem is that many students never get personalised feedback on why their answers sit in Band 2 instead of Band 4.

Tutors at AK Education:

• Show you how to write like an examiner expects.

• Mark practice scripts with detailed, actionable feedback.

• Teach you to structure your answers clearly under time pressure.

This is often the difference between a pass and a top grade.

Final Words of Advice

To analyse texts like an examiner, you must:

• Always explain the effect of a technique, not just spot it.

• Balance language and structure in your answers.

• Use PEE/PEEL to stay clear and focused.

• Practise regularly under timed conditions.

Analysis is a skill that improves with practice. Stick with it, and you’ll see your marks climb quickly.